Water & Wastewater Treatment

Activated Carbon Filtration

Activated Carbon (AC) Filtration – is an effective method of dealing with suspended solids, oils and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s within contaminated water. An activated carbon filter, can treat the water, separate solids and waste and remove contaminants thereby returning safe, remediated water back into the environment.

We design and supply all filtration components used in water treatment equipment. Our components include a complete line of activated carbon filters, water softeners, control valves, drinking water filters, residential Reverse Osmosis membranes and a unique line of dry-pellet chlorine disinfection devices. These products also include solenoid, staging, bonnet and other valves for industrial and commercial use.

Equipment Design

Activated carbon filters are similar to those used in multi-media filtration, except without the air scour step in the backwash process. Since certain organics require an extended exposure time to the filter to be removed, higher filter vessel side shells may be used to provide deeper carbon beds for extended reaction times. Carbon beds should be backwashed to help remove trapped silt, prevent packing and head loss, and to remove carbon fines produced by friction between granules. There are a host of variables that must be considered in designing a filtration system and selecting the best carbon for the application. MEDAAD has years of experience to help in design such systems.

Filters Types

Activated carbon water treatment is basically used for two water treatment purposes and each work in totally different ways.

  1. Chlorine Removal: Activated carbon may be used to remove chlorine with little degradation or damage to the carbon. Dechlorination occurs rapidly when flow rates are typically high. However, this process requires an extensive amount of surface area, and organics in the water will eventually fill up and block the pores of the carbon. Ultimately, the AC filter will need to be replaced as its ability to dechlorinate the water will slowly decline. Spent carbon can be re-activated; however, re-activated filters should only be used in waste-water treatment applications. One advantage of using AC is its low operating cost and virtual “fail safe” operation once installed.
 
  1. Removal of Organic Matter: As water passes through an activated carbon filter, organic particles and chemicals are trapped inside through a process known as “adsorption”. The adsorption process depends upon 5 key factors: 1) physical properties of the activated carbon (surface area and pore size distribution); 2) the chemical makeup of the carbon source (amount of hydrogen and oxygen); 3) the chemical makeup and concentration of the contaminant; 4) water pH and temperature; and 5) the length of time the water is exposed to the activated carbon filter (called empty bed contact time or EBCT).


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